Respiratory protective apparatus



April 23, 1935. F. c. cLAUDlUs RESPIRATORY PROT ECTIVE APPARATUSSheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 24

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April 23, 1935. F. c. cLAUDlus 1,999,086

RESPIRATORY lPROTECTIVE APPARATUS Filed Jan. 24, 1933 3 sheets-sheet 2as 1| I I l 54 y 92 78 72|I7IV l 2 v 90 V l 98 9, /4 i f /4 B9 x I 77 66i 75 87 1 0l w 8f 1 731' 93*9 l 9 5- l. /5 83 i \`\7,'//' i /s 4 l 96 Q97 HEI-l5 7S' 11 8l v "l i f Iii if.

uw fwd-KM INVENTOR April 23, 1935. Ffc. cLAUDlUs 1,999,086

\ RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE APPARATUS v Filed Jan. 24, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet3 ,//0/ /j/ 107 10.9 Il? fpz Fig. 2a

il Apr. 23, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVEAPPARATUS' Ferdinand c. Claudius', Philadelphia, ru. Application January24, 1933, serial No. 653,317

1s olninn.- (el. 12s- 191) y My invention relates broadly to arespiratory protective apparatus and more particularly to an apparatusfor use in vitiated or raried atmosphere.

The primary object of my invention is to pro'- vide a breathing devicewith a simplied mouthpiece having a combined intake and exhaustarrangement from the purifying canister, that not only reducesresistance to breathing but also eliminates to a great extent thedangers of fouling, becoming twisted or entangled with foreign objects.l y

The conventional type of breathing apparatus has a mouthpiece in whichintake and exhaust valves control the directional flow of inspired andrespired air in separate conduits;A Such mouth pieces and conduits arecumbersome, heavy and large in size, and very diiiicult to assemble orrepair. 'I'he valves in this type of device are permanently afixed andit is necessary to cut the entire mouthpiece to get at the valves. It istherefore another object of my invention to provide a mouthpiece for arespiratory apparatus that is comparatively small and of light weight,and one that can be easily assembled and repaired. 'I'he valvesbeing-accessible can be replaced when necessary.

Another object of my invention is to provide in a respiratory apparatusmeans whereby the atmosphere to be inhaled is warmed by the exhaledatmosphere and/ or vice versa.

A further object of my invention is to provide a single conducting unitwhich may be utilized i'or two or more purposes, that is, aspassage-ways for two or more types of uid such as atmosphere forinhalation and respired atmosphere.

Still a further object of my invention resides in constructing arespiratory apparatus of simple operation, having low resistance, easyto manufacture, assemble and effect replacement of parts withoutdetriment to its efficiency as a part oi respiratory apparatus.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction, combination and arrangement oi* 'parts'as will vbedescribed more fully hereinafter.

A Referring to the drawings in which similar numerals refer to similarparts throughout the several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a detailedsectional view ofmyimproved device. l

Figures 2 to 7 are details of the exhaust valves oi' my improved device.

` 1": 8 to 12 are details of the inhalation valve of my improved device.

Figure 13 is a sectional view of a modified mouthpiece for my improveddevice.

Figure 14 is a view on line |4- I4 of Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a view on line I5-i5 of Figure 13.

Figure 16 is a detail view of a portion of the multiple passage memberwith securing means of my improved device.

Figure 17 is a view, partly in section, showing the passage member of myimproved device secured to a canister in a breathing bag.

Figure 18 is a detailed sectional viewof a part of my improved deviceshowing the airflow opposite to that of Figure 1.

Figure 19 shows the mouthpiece member secured to a canister andbreathing bag by my improved connection.

Figure 20 shows the mouthpiece and passage member of my improved deviceconnected to a canister and breathing bag of my improved connection. v-

Referring more particularly to the drawings, indicates a. mouthpiecemember having chamber 3| from which extends at iight angles themouthpiece conduit 32, that has suitably inserted in it a stopcock 33adapted to be regulated by handle 34. A multiple passage member 35having its outer wall 36, preferably the wall of a iiexible corrugatedconduit or hose, secured to the lower end ofthe member 30 is an inner orexhaust passage 31, preferably straight hose, secured to a nipple 38.The space between passage 31 and the hose 36 formsvan intake orinhalation passage 39.

Threaded into the bottom of member 30 is an inhalation valve seat insert40 that has in chamber 3|, outer knife edge valve seat 4I and the innerknife edge valve seat 42 onto which seats valve disk 43, having adischarge aperature 43a. To limit the upward movement of disk 43,spiders 44 are secured to the walls of the chamber Il.

Between the inner and outer valve seats 42 andy 4I are a number ofpassages 45 formed by connecting webs 46. Also in the center of theinsert 40 is a threaded aperture intol which is screwed an exhalationvalve insert 41 having 'an intake passage 48 to chamber 3i. 'I'he insert41 is provided with knife edge valve seat 49 projecting intoa chamber 50formed by bulging or protruding a' portion 5I of the nipple 38 that isthreaded onto theiinsert 41 between the underside of the insertland ashoulder 52 cut into the insert 41 adjacenftvalve seat 49. A valve disk53 adapted to seat on knife edge 49 is held by spiders 54 that abutagainst shoulder 52 and are secured to the lower of the insert 41.

Inserted into and secured to the lower end of Cil hose 38 is a nipple 55which is an integral part of a purifying canister 58, and inserted intoandsecured to the .end of passage 31 is an exhaust conduit 51 thatpasses through the canister 56 and has its exhaust end 58 adiacentto thebottom 59 of the canister. A plate 88 sweated to the underside of top Iof the canister 55 holds the top portion of the conduit 51 rmly inplace. Suitably positioned in the canister by screens 82 is a purifyingagent 83. Both the bottom 59 and the plate 88 have ber 3| and then tothe operator through valve 33 and conduit 32. On exhalation, or wheninhalation is stopped, the disk 43 seats on knife edges 4I and 42, anddisk 53 drops onto the spiders 54, thus the exhaled breath is forcedthrough conduit 32 into chamber 3|, then through passage 48, around disk53 into and through nipple 38, passage 31 and conduit 51 to theatmosphere.

In Figure 13, I show a modified mouthpiece member comprising a casing 58on the top of which is secured a stopcock 61 having mouthpiece conduit68 extending therefrom. Suitably positioned and aihxed to casing 86 is avalve compartment 89 that has sweated to the upper side of its top 10,around-` an aperture 1|, an exhaust valve 12 and sweated'fto the innerside of its bottom 13, around an aperture 14, is an intake valve 15. Abafiie partition 18 which is an integral part of top 18 and which, formanufacturing purposes, is soldered to casing 68, forms not only passage11 from chamber 89 to the stopcock 61, but also the top wall of anexhaust passage 18 that leads from exhaust valve 12 and follows 'aroundcompartment 59 to an inwardly stepped flanged hose nipple 19, anintegral part of casinghGS. This nipple 19 can be easily inserted inand"cemented to theYwall 38 of the conducting unit 35shown in Figure 1.-Positioned in the casing 68 andsyveated to bottom 13 around aperture 14is a flared end 88 of an intake nipple 8| that can be inserted in andsecured to intake passage 31, Figure 1'. The valves 12 and 15 arearranged in .parallel relation to each other and have correspondingparts; namely, knife edge seats 82 and 83, disks 84 and 85 mounted onseats 82 and 83, and spiders 86 and 81 for limiting the movement ofdisks 84 and 85 respectively. These valves are positive in action, inthat, both are normally closed when not in use and only become operativewhen an operator breathes.

In this construction on inhalation, the suction opens intake valve 15and permits purified air to pass from nipple 8| around the intake valvedisk 85 into compartment 69, through passage 11 to stopcock 61 and thento operator through conduits 68. When there is no inhalation suction,valve 15 is closed, and on'exhalation, the force of the exhaledatmosphere keeps disk 85 on seat 83 but raises disk 84 from seat 82,thus permitting the respired air to ow into passages 18 and out nipple19.

In. Figure 16 I show the upper portion of a modied connection for usebetween the conduit unit and the purifying canister which may beenclosed in a breathing bag 88, as shown in Figure 17. This connectionhas an inner .nipple perforations 84 and 85 respectively to permitfluid, such as air, to pass therethrough.

member 89 and an outer nipple member 98. The top section 9| of member 98is inserted in and secured to wall 92 of the conducting unit, and thelower section 93 comprises a slanting or converging portion 94, straightportion 95 and a flared base 96 having knife edge 91. Intermediatesections 9| and 93 is an outwardly extending flange 98 on which isrotatably placed a. wing nut 99.` The inner nipple member 89 has itsupper end inserted in and secured to passage |88 of the conducting unitand its lower end which terminates at the top of base 98 is soldered tothe straight portion 95 of nipple member 98. Outlets |8| are out intothe slanting portion 94.

In Figure 17, I show my improved connection wherein the upper portion,as described above for Figure 16, is connected with a canister andbreathing bag. Placed on top of bag 88 around an aperture is a flange|83 of a threaded nipple |84 that is secured by screws |85 to a ilange|88 of a ring |81 inside bag 88. Ring |81 has also a lower ilange |88 towhich is amxed canister |89 having outlet port ||8 around which isplaced anged gasket seat with gasket ||2.

To sgcure the connection so as to align the passages properly, wing nut99 is threaded onto nipple |84 until its upper edge abuts gasket ||3making an air-tight joint, and, at this point, knife edge 91 of base 96seats in gasket||2 also making an air-tight connecting Vpassage fromcanister |89 to passage |88 through nipple 39. A secondary passage |4 isformed between nipple |84 and ring |81 forming the outer wall and lowersection 93 of the connection forming the inner wall. Holes ||5 are outinto ring |81 to permit a iluid to pass from passage ||4 into bag 88.With this connection attaching parts of my improved apparatus, thepurified air passes from canister |89 through nipple 89 to the intakepassage |88 and the exhaled air passes from the mouthpiece member,through conduit unit into nipple member 98, out ports |8| into passage||4 and then through holes ||5 into the reservoir or breathing bag 88.By this arrangement the exhaled air in passing through the conductingunit to the bag surrounds the -4- intake passage, aids in keeping thepuriiled air'to'be utilized for inhalation warm while passing throughconduit |98. i In Figure 19, the canister llandbag-Il are fasteneddirectly to the mouthpiece member by means of my improved connection. Inthis figure, all parts are identical as set out for Figures 16 and 17except, that the top section 9| of outer nipple member 98 is an integralpart of nipple 19, Figure 13, and inner nipple is replaced by intakenipple 8| of the mouthpiece member 95 which is provided, as shown inFigure 19, with the stopcock 81 and conduit 88.

In Figure 20, I show how the mouthpiece member 38and the passage member35, shown in Figure 1, can be easily connected with the breathing bag 88and canister |89 by means of the modified connection of my improveddevice shown in Figure 17.

By arranging the intake conduit and the exhaust conduit together in asingle conducting unit, the inhaled air which is warmed by passingthrough the purifying agent keeps the exhale.- tion conduit warm enoughto prevent the freezing o! water vapor present in the exhaledatmosphere, and, in like manner, the warm exhaled atmosphere aids inkeeping a portion of the intake conduit warm.

Although, I set out in the above description that the inhaled air passesthrough the purifyin gdevice and the exhaled atmosphere is dischargedexterior to the purifying device, I do not want to limit myself to thisparticular mode of operation but desire it to be understood that theexhaled air can be passed through the purifying agent in the canisterinto the bag and the puried air utilized for inhalation can be takeninto the passage described as the exhalation conduitl as shown in Figure18. This can be easily done by reversing the arrangement of the valvesso that 40 is the exhalation valve member and 4l is the inhalation valvemember.

It Will be understood that the above description and accompanyingdrawings comprehend only the general and preferred embodiment of myinvention, and that various changes in construction, proportions andarrangement of parts may be made within the scope of this invention andappended claims without sacrificing any of the advantages of myinvention.

What I claim is:

1. .A respiratory apparatus comprising a mouthpiece member having aninhalation valve and an exhalation valve inserted in the center of saidinhalation valve, an air purifying device, a conducting unit consistingof a center passage to the exhalation valve and an outer or surroundingpassage to the inhalation valve, and securing means attaching said unitto the purifying device whereby exhaled atmosphere is dischargedexterior to and does not pass directly through the purifying device andinhaled atmosphere passes through the device.

2. A respiratory apparatus comprising a breathing bag, a mouthpiecemember, a single conduit consisting of a plurality of passages thereinsecured to the mouthpiece member, an air purifying device, and a unitaryattaching means for securingthe conduit to the bag and purifying device,said attaching means having passages connecting with saidconduitvpassages so that at least one of said connected passagesdischarges exhaled atmosphere exterior to the purifying device anddirectly into the bag.

3. A respiratory apparatus comprising a mouthpiece member, an airpurifying device, an intake conduit and an exhaust conduit combined onewithin the other in a single unit, and means for connecting said unit tothe purifying device, said connecting means having a'plurality ofpassages corresponding to the passages of the unit and one or moredischarge ports from one of said passages adapted to discharge exhaledatmosphere exterior to said purifying device.

4. A respiratory apparatus comprising an intake conduit and an exhaustconduit combined` one within'the other in a single unit, a mouthpiecemember secured to one end of said unit, valve means in said mouthpiecefor controlling the now of fluid from the intake and exhaust conduits, acanister, and means connectingdhe other end of the unit to the canister,said connecting means having a plurality of passages corresponding tothe passages of the unit and discharge ports in the passage connectedwith the exhaust conduit, whereby exhaled atmosphere is dischargedexterior to the canister and inhaled atmosphere is taken directly fromthe canister.

5. In a mouthpiece member comprising a chamber, a mouthpiece conduitconnected with the chamber, an inhalation valve member having anaperture therein, positioned in said chamber and an exhalation valvemember positioned in the aperture and secured to the inhalation valvemember.

6. A respiratory apparatus comprising a mouthpiece member, an airpurifying device, and means securing said purifying device directly tothe mouthpiece member, said securing means consisting of an inner intakeconduit, an`outer conduit surrounding the intake conduit, and

ports in said outer conduit for discharging exaround said intakenipple'connected with andv adapted to discharge exhaled atmospherethrough the ports in the canister securing means.

8. In a respiratory apparatus a mouthpiece member, an air purifyingdevice comprising a chamber for a purifying agent, a passage memberthrough said device and chamber and an intake port from saidchamber,;and a single conduit having an inner passage connected with thepassage member through the devicev and an outer passage connected tosaid-intake port.

9. In a mouthpiece ffinember comprising a chamber, an inhalation iveseat with an aperture in the center thereof vpositioned in said chamber,a disk adapted toseat on said valve seat and having` an aperture'corresponding to the aperture in the seat, an exhaust valve seatpositioned in the aperture of the inhalation seat and a disk adapted toseat on said exhaust valve seat.

10. A respiratory apparatus comprising a mouthpiece member having anintake valve consisting of a valve seat and disk, each having anaperture in the center thereof and an exhaust valve inserted in theaperture of said intake valve seat, said exhaust valve consisting of avalve seat and a disk member, a single unit conduit having a passage tosaid intake valve and a passage to said exhaust valve, an air purifyingdevice and means securing said conduit to the purifying device so thatexhaled atmosphere is discharged exterior to the purifying device andinhaled atmosphere passes through the device.

11. InV a respiratory apparatus, comprising a breathing bag, a canister,a mouthpiece member having inhalation and exhalation valves, passages tosaid valves, and securing means attaching said mouthpiece as a singleunit directly to the exterior of the bag and said canister inside saidbag in alignment with the mouthpiece, said securing means having anintake passage for` connecting the intake passage of the mouthpiece to aport of said canister and an exhaust passage connected with theexhalation passage of the adapted for discharge of exhaled atmospherefrom the exhaust passage into the bag.

13. In a respiratory apparatus, a breathing bag. 8 Canister, meanssecuring the canister inside the bag, a mouthpiece member havinginhalation and exhalation valves, passages to said valves, and securingmeans for attaching the mouthpiece member to the bag, said securingmeans FERDINAND C. CLAUDIUS.

